For some time now it has been fashionable to diagnose dead famous people with mental illnesses we never knew they had when they were alive. These postmortem clinical interventions can seem accurate or far-fetched, and mostly harmless—unless we let them color our appreciation of an artist’s work, or negatively influence the way we treat eccentric living personalities. Overall, I tend to think the state of a creative individual’s mental health is a topic best left between patient and doctor.
In the case of one Herman Poole Blount, aka Sun Ra—composer, bandleader of free jazz ensemble the Arkestra, and “embodiment of Afrofuturism”—one finds it tempting to speculate about possible diagnoses, of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, for example. Plenty of people have done so. This makes sense, given Blount’s claims to have visited other planets through astral projection and to himself be an alien from another dimension. But ascribing Sun Ra’s enlightening, enlivening mytho-theo-philosophy to illness or dysfunction truly does his brilliant mind a disservice, and clouds our appreciation for his completely original body of work.
In fact, Sun Ra himself discovered—fairly early in his career when he went by the name “Sonny”—that his music could perhaps alleviate the suffering of mental illness and help bring patients back in touch with reality. In the late 50’s, the pianist and composer’s manager, Alton Abraham, booked his client at a Chicago psychiatric hospital. Sun Ra biographer John Szwed tells the story:
Abraham had an early interest in alternative medicine, having read about scalpel-free surgery in the Philippines and Brazil. The group of patients assembled for this early experiment in musical therapy included catatonics and severe schizophrenics, but Sonny approached the job like any other, making no concessions in his music.
Sun Ra had his faith in this endeavor rewarded by the response of some of the patients. “While he was playing,” Szwed writes, “a woman who it was said had not moved or spoken for years got up from the floor, walked directly to his piano, and cried out ‘Do you call that music?’” Blount—just coming into his own as an original artist—was “delighted with her response, and told the story for years afterward as evidence of the healing powers of music.” He also composed the song above, “Advice for Medics,” which commemorates the psychiatric hospital gig.
It is surely an event worth remembering for how it encapsulates so many of the responses to Sun Ra’s music, which can—yes—confuse, irritate, and bewilder unsuspecting listeners. Likely still inspired by the experience, Sun Ra recorded an album in the early sixties titled Cosmic Tones for Mental Therapy, a collection of songs, writes Allmusic, that “outraged those in the jazz community who thought Eric Dolphy and John Coltrane had already taken things too far.” (Hear the track “And Otherness” above.) But those willing to listen to what Sun Ra was laying down often found themselves roused from a debilitating complacency about what music can be and do.
Note: An earlier version of this post appeared on our site in 2015.
Related Content:
A Collection of Sun Ra’s Business Cards from the 1950s: They’re Out of This World
Sun Ra Applies to NASA’s Art Program: When the Inventor of Space Jazz Applied to Make Space Art
Josh Jones is a writer and musician based in Durham, NC. Follow him at @jdmagness
Very cool that Sun Ra had this experience with music. As a board-certified and healthcare licensed music therapist that works at a psychiatric hospital, please note that Sun Ra didn’t provide music therapy. He provided a music performance, which is completely different and not therapy. Music therapy is a clinical healthcare profession that uses music in a clinical way to address wellness goals as part of a patient’s clinical treatment care plan in this setting. It requires a degree in music therapy, clinical internship, and passing of a national board certification. Some states also require a healthcare license to practice music therapy. You can learn more about this healthcare profession at https://www.musictherapy.org/.
Cool information, however this is not music therapy. Just as if someone goes and talks to someone at a mental institution does not make it a psychology session. Music therapy is done with a board certified music therapist. Just throwing that out there. Have a good one.
This was an interesting article, but the headline is extremely misleading. Music therapy is done by a board certified music therapist. To accomplish this credential, one has to complete a college degree with an internship and pass the national board certification exam, and then continue to complete continuing education.
https://www.musictherapy.org/
Why do people have to find something wrong with everything? This was an inspiring article. Just because you went to college for it, doesn’t mean that you have to. Music is not defined and therapy is what is therapeutic for a person. This performance was therapeutic for the lady, whether he spent thousands on a college degree or not. We’ve got to get out of this mindset. College professors aren’t gods and the college degree isn’t the be all and end all of education.
If you were fortunate enough to ever attend a Sun Ra Arkestra show it was both therapeutic and a jazz fusion trip. Never knew Sun Ra was ever called ‘Sonny’