Lenny Bruce (born Leonard Alfred SchneiÂder) introÂduced a strongÂly satirÂiÂcal, taboo-breakÂing form of comÂeÂdy durÂing the 1950s and 1960s, which paved the way for some of America’s great comeÂdiÂans — Richard PryÂor, George CarÂlin, Chris Rock, even John StewÂart. And for ushÂerÂing in this new era of comÂeÂdy, Bruce paid a heavy perÂsonÂal price. In 1961, San FranÂcisÂco authorÂiÂties arrestÂed Bruce on obscenÂiÂty charges. Then, in 1964, Bruce found himÂself in the crosshairs of Manhattan’s DisÂtrict AttorÂney, Frank HorÂgan. A six month triÂal folÂlowed, which raised imporÂtant First AmendÂment issues, and which also brought Woody Allen, Bob Dylan, Allen GinsÂberg, NorÂman MailÂer, and William StyÂron to Bruce’s defense. (Dylan would latÂer write a song about the affair.) But, regardÂless, the triÂal endÂed badÂly for Bruce, and, two years latÂer, the impovÂerÂished comeÂdiÂan would die of a heroÂin overÂdose.
For Bruce’s legaÂcy, things have gotÂten a litÂtle betÂter. In 2003, GovÂerÂnor George PataÂki grantÂed New York’s first posthuÂmous parÂdon to the satirist, callÂing it “a decÂlaÂraÂtion of New York’s comÂmitÂment to upholdÂing the First AmendÂment.” MeanÂwhile, legal scholÂars have writÂten books that paint Bruce and his First AmendÂment batÂtles in a rather symÂpaÂthetÂic light. Below you can find a video clip of Lenny Bruce appearÂing on the very popÂuÂlar Steve Allen Show. It gives you a pretÂty good look at the brand of comÂeÂdy that Bruce preÂsentÂed to the wider nation. (You can access Part II of the video here.) Beyond this, you may also want to check out the actuÂal FBI file that was kept on Bruce. It’s been pubÂlished thanks to the FreeÂdom of InforÂmaÂtion Act. And if you’re up for more video footage, here is a clearÂly deflatÂed Bruce using his triÂal as fodÂder for comÂeÂdy.