What Books Could Be Used to Rebuild Civilization?: Lists by Brian Eno, Stewart Brand, Kevin Kelly & Other Forward-Thinking Minds

One par­tic­u­lar­ly dis­tress­ing hall­mark of late moder­ni­ty can be char­ac­ter­ized as a cul­tur­al loss of the future. Where we once delight­ed in imag­in­ing the turns civ­i­liza­tion would take hun­dreds and even thou­sands of years ahead—projecting rad­i­cal designs, inno­v­a­tive solu­tions, great explo­rations, and pecu­liar evo­lu­tion­ary developments—we now find the mode of fore­cast­ing has grown apoc­a­lyp­tic, as cli­mate change and oth­er cat­a­stroph­ic, man-made glob­al phe­nom­e­na make it dif­fi­cult to avoid some very dire con­clu­sions about humanity’s impend­ing fate. We can add to this assess­ment the loss of what we may call the “long view” in our day-to-day lives.

As the Long Now Foun­da­tion co-founder Stew­art Brand describes it, “civ­i­liza­tion is revving itself into a patho­log­i­cal­ly short atten­tion span,” dri­ven by “the accel­er­a­tion of tech­nol­o­gy, the short-hori­zon per­spec­tive of mar­ket-dri­ven eco­nom­ics, the next-elec­tion per­spec­tive of democ­ra­cies, or the dis­trac­tions of per­son­al mul­ti-task­ing.”

Such is the tex­ture of mod­ern exis­tence, and though we may run our hands over it dai­ly, remark­ing on how tight­ly woven the fab­ric is, we seem to have few-to-no mech­a­nisms for unweaving—or even loosening—the threads. Enter the Long Now Foun­da­tion and its pro­pos­al of “both a mech­a­nism and a myth” as a means encour­ag­ing “the long view and the tak­ing of long-term respon­si­bil­i­ty.”

libraryfar

Image cour­tesy of Because We Can

Inspired by com­put­er sci­en­tist Daniel Hill’s idea for a Stone­henge-sized clock that “ticks once a year, bongs once a cen­tu­ry, and the cuck­oo comes out every mil­len­ni­um,” the foun­da­tion pro­pos­es a num­ber of projects and guide­lines for restor­ing long-term think­ing, includ­ing “mind­ing myth­ic depth,” “reward­ing patience,” and “ally­ing with com­pe­ti­tion.” The clock, ini­tial­ly a thought exper­i­ment, is becom­ing a real­i­ty, as you can see in the short video above, with a mas­sive, “mon­u­ment scale” ver­sion under con­struc­tion in West Texas and scale pro­to­types in Lon­don and the Long Now Foundation’s San Fran­cis­co head­quar­ters. Large­ly a sym­bol­ic ges­ture, the “10,000 year clock,” as it’s called, has been joined with anoth­er, emi­nent­ly prac­ti­cal under­tak­ing rem­i­nis­cent of Isaac Asimov’s Ency­clo­pe­dia Galac­ti­ca—a “library of the deep future.”

One wing of this library, the Man­u­al for Civ­i­liza­tion, aims to com­pile a col­lec­tion of 3,500 books in the Foun­da­tion’s phys­i­cal space—books deemed most like­ly to “sus­tain or rebuild civ­i­liza­tion.” To begin the project, var­i­ous future-mind­ed con­trib­u­tors have been asked to make their own lists of books to add. The first list comes from musician/composer/producer/musical futur­ist and found­ing board mem­ber Bri­an Eno, who named the foun­da­tion. Oth­er notable con­trib­u­tors include Long Now Foun­da­tion pres­i­dent Stew­art Brand and board mem­ber and co-founder of Wired mag­a­zine Kevin Kel­ly. Below, see the first ten titles from each of these futurist’s lists, and fur­ther down, links to the full list of con­trib­u­tors’ selec­tions so far. As you scan the titles below, and browse through each contributor’s list, con­sid­er why and how each of these books would help human­i­ty rebuild civ­i­liza­tion, and sug­gest books of your own in the com­ments.

10 Titles from Bri­an Eno’s Man­u­al for Civ­i­liza­tion list

10 Titles from Stew­art Brand’s Man­u­al for Civ­i­liza­tion list

10 Titles from Kevin Kelly’s Man­u­al for Civ­i­liza­tion list

Once again, these are only excerpts from longer lists by these three futur­is­tic thinkers. For their com­plete selec­tions, click on their lists below, as well as those from such cul­tur­al fig­ures as sci-fi writer Neal Stephen­son and Brain Pick­ings’ edi­tor Maria Popo­va. And please let us know: Which books would you include in the “Man­u­al for Civ­i­liza­tion” library project, and why? You can also add your own sug­ges­tions for the grow­ing library at the Long Now Foun­da­tion’s web­site.

Relat­ed Con­tent:

What Books Should Every Intel­li­gent Per­son Read?: Tell Us Your Picks; We’ll Tell You Ours

Neil deGrasse Tyson Lists 8 (Free) Books Every Intel­li­gent Per­son Should Read

The 10 Great­est Books Ever, Accord­ing to 125 Top Authors (Down­load Them for Free)

Josh Jones is a writer and musi­cian based in Durham, NC. Fol­low him at @jdmagness

Let Me Librarian That for You: What People Asked Librarians Before Google Came Along

5NYPLQS

I often won­der just how I would have done my job(s) before the advent of an inter­net that puts more or less what­ev­er infor­ma­tion I might need right at my fin­ger­tips. The answer, of course, applies to any ques­tion about how we did things in an ear­li­er tech­no­log­i­cal era: we would’ve had to talk to some­one. Some of us would’ve had to talk to a librar­i­an, just like the ones The New York Pub­lic Library has employed (and con­tin­ues to employ) to research and respond to any ques­tions peo­ple need answered.

LetMeLibrarianThatForYou-10

The inter­net, as it hap­pens, has loved #let­meli­brari­anthat­fory­ou, the hash­tag the New York Pub­lic Library start­ed using on Insta­gram to iden­ti­fy the unusu­al such ques­tions it field­ed in the 20th cen­tu­ry. Their recent dis­cov­ery of a box of note­cards filled with pre­served ques­tions from the 1940s through the 80s, pho­tographs of which they now post on a reg­u­lar basis, has pro­vid­ed a clear win­dow onto the human curios­i­ty of days past — or rather, the instances of human curios­i­ty that librar­i­ans found curi­ous enough to pre­serve in their box labeled “inter­est­ing research ques­tions” and kept behind the desk.

nypl questions 2

Search tech­nol­o­gy, of course, has­n’t yet made human con­sul­tants of every kind obso­lete; there are more Googleable and less Googleable ques­tions, after all. Exam­ples of the for­mer include 1962’s “What is the ges­ta­tion of human beings in days?” (“I was born on 1/29/62,” replies one com­menter. “Maybe my moth­er was get­ting impa­tient!”), 1966’s query about whether Jules Verne wrote Alice’s Adven­tures in Won­der­land, and the undat­ed “Are Pla­to, Aris­to­tle, and Socrates the same per­son?”

nypl questions

Some patrons, on the oth­er end of the spec­trum, pre­ferred to ask the unan­swer­able: one need­ed the solu­tion to “the rid­dle of exis­tence,” and anoth­er called in pur­suit of The Oxford Ornithol­o­gy of Amer­i­can Lit­er­a­ture. Even if the librar­i­ans could­n’t help out these inquis­i­tive peo­ple of the mid-20th cen­tu­ry, I do hope they found a way to sati­ate your curios­i­ty. It almost makes me want to see what mod­ern human­i­ty is Googling right now. Wait, no — I said “almost.”

Relat­ed Con­tent:

Alain de Bot­ton Shows How Art Can Answer Life’s Big Ques­tions in Art as Ther­a­py

Woody Allen Answers 12 Uncon­ven­tion­al Ques­tions He Has Nev­er Been Asked Before

What Ques­tions Would Stephen Fry Ask God at the Pearly Gates?

Col­in Mar­shall hosts and pro­duces Note­book on Cities and Cul­ture as well as the video series The City in Cin­e­ma and writes essays on cities, lan­guage, Asia, and men’s style. He’s at work on a book about Los Ange­les, A Los Ange­les Primer. Fol­low him on Twit­ter at @colinmarshall or on Face­book.

David Carr Gives 10 Pieces of Work & Life Advice to UC Berkeley Graduates

David Carr took sev­en years to get through col­lege. He did­n’t have a Mas­ter’s degree or a PhD. Before he made it big writ­ing for The New York Times, he spent time in rehab and on wel­fare. David Carr did­n’t fit the pro­file of your aver­age com­mence­ment speak­er.

And yet Carr, who died in the Times news­room on Thurs­day nightearned his spot speak­ing before the 2014 grad­u­at­ing class at UC Berke­ley’s Grad­u­ate School of Jour­nal­ism. Known for his insight­ful report­ing on changes in pub­lish­ing, tele­vi­sion and social media, Carr under­stood the world these young jour­nal­ists were enter­ing. And when he offered 10 pieces of grad­u­a­tion advice, you know the stu­dents took note. You should too:

1.) Some­one who is under­es­ti­mat­ed will be the one who changes the world. It’s not the per­son every­one expects. It might be you.

2.) “Do what is front of you.” Focus on the small steps ahead of you.

3.) Don’t wor­ry about achiev­ing a mas­ter plan, about the plot to take over the world.

4.) Be a work­er among work­ers. It’s more impor­tant that you fit in before you stick out.

5.) Fol­low the “Mom Rule.” Don’t do any­thing you couldn’t explain or jus­ti­fy to your mom.

6.) Don’t just do what you’re good at. Get out­side of your com­fort zone. Being a jour­nal­ist is per­mis­sion for life­time learn­ing.

7.) Be present. Don’t wor­ry about doc­u­ment­ing the moment with your smart­phone. Expe­ri­ence it your­self.

8.) Take respon­si­bil­i­ty for the good and the bad. Learn to own your fail­ures.

9.) Be hon­est, and be will­ing to have the dif­fi­cult con­ver­sa­tion.

10.) Don’t be afraid to be ambi­tious. It’s not a crime.

He says it’s a lis­ti­cle that won’t appear on Buz­zfeed. But it fits per­fect­ly on OC. David, we’re so sor­ry to see you go.

If you would like to sign up for Open Culture’s free email newslet­ter, please find it here. Or fol­low our posts on Threads, Face­book, BlueSky or Mastodon.

If you would like to sup­port the mis­sion of Open Cul­ture, con­sid­er mak­ing a dona­tion to our site. It’s hard to rely 100% on ads, and your con­tri­bu­tions will help us con­tin­ue pro­vid­ing the best free cul­tur­al and edu­ca­tion­al mate­ri­als to learn­ers every­where. You can con­tribute through Pay­Pal, Patre­on, and Ven­mo (@openculture). Thanks!

Relat­ed Con­tent:

Michael Pol­lan Presents an Edi­ble Edu­ca­tion, A Free Online Course From UC Berke­ley

“Wear Sun­screen”: The Sto­ry Behind the Com­mence­ment Speech That Kurt Von­negut Nev­er Gave

David Fos­ter Wallace’s 2005 Com­mence­ment Speech “This is Water” Visu­al­ized in Short Film

NPR Launch­es Data­base of Best Com­mence­ment Speech­es Ever

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In Animated Cartoon, Alison Bechdel Sees Her Life Go From Pulitizer Prize Winning Comic to Broadway Musical

No one is sur­prised when authors mine their per­son­al expe­ri­ences. If they’re lucky enough to strike gold, oth­er min­ers may be brought on to bring the sto­ries to the sil­ver screen. Here’s where things get tricky (if lucra­tive). No one wants to see his or her impor­tant life details get­ting roy­al­ly botched, espe­cial­ly when the results are blown up 70 feet across.

Car­toon­ist Ali­son Bechdel’s path to let­ting oth­ers take the reins as her sto­ry is immor­tal­ized in front of a live audi­ence is not the usu­al mod­el. The fam­i­ly his­to­ry she shared in the Pulitzer Prize-win­ning Fun Home: A Fam­i­ly Tragi­com­ic has been turned into a Broad­way musi­cal.

Now that would be a nail biter, espe­cial­ly if the non-fic­tion­al source mate­r­i­al includes a graph­i­cal­ly awk­ward first sex­u­al encounter and your clos­et­ed father’s sui­cide.

In the ani­mat­ed com­ic above, Bechdel recounts the sur­re­al expe­ri­ence of see­ing her most per­son­al expe­ri­ences musi­cal­ized dur­ing Fun Home’s recent Off-Broad­way run at the Pub­lic The­ater.

In the wrong hands, it could have been an excru­ci­at­ing evening, but Fun Home, the musi­cal, has had excel­lent pedi­gree from the get go.

It’s also worth not­ing that this show pass­es the infa­mous Bechdel Test (below) both onstage and off, with a book and lyrics by Lisa Kron and music by Jea­nine Tesori.

Pre­views begin next month in New York City.

bechdel-rule

Relat­ed Con­tent:

Car­toon­ist Kate Beat­on Plays on Lit­er­ary Clas­sics — The Great Gats­by, Julius Cae­sar & More

Lyn­da Bar­ry, Car­toon­ist Turned Pro­fes­sor, Gives Her Old Fash­ioned Take on the Future of Edu­ca­tion

Under­ground Car­toon­ist R. Crumb Intro­duces Us to His Rol­lick­ing Album Cov­er Designs

Ayun Hal­l­i­day is an author, home­school­er, and Chief Pri­ma­tol­o­gist of the East Vil­lage Inky zine. Fol­low her @AyunHalliday

Bertrand Russell’s Message to People Living in the Year 2959: “Love is Wise, Hatred is Foolish”

Bertrand Rus­sell, the great British philoso­pher and social crit­ic, appeared on the BBC pro­gram Face-to-Face in 1959 and was asked a clos­ing ques­tion: What would you tell a gen­er­a­tion liv­ing 1,000 years from now about the life you’ve lived and the lessons you’ve learned. His answer is short, but pithy. You can read a tran­script below:

I should like to say two things, one intel­lec­tu­al and one moral:

The intel­lec­tu­al thing I should want to say to them is this: When you are study­ing any mat­ter or con­sid­er­ing any phi­los­o­phy, ask your­self only what are the facts and what is the truth that the facts bear out. Nev­er let your­self be divert­ed either by what you wish to believe or by what you think would have benef­i­cent social effects if it were believed, but look only and sole­ly at what are the facts. That is the intel­lec­tu­al thing that I should wish to say.

The moral thing I should wish to say to them is very sim­ple. I should say: Love is wise, hatred is fool­ish. In this world, which is get­ting more and more close­ly inter­con­nect­ed, we have to learn to tol­er­ate each oth­er. We have to learn to put up with the fact that some peo­ple say things that we don’t like. We can only live togeth­er in that way, and if we are to live togeth­er and not die togeth­er we must learn a kind of char­i­ty and a kind of tol­er­ance which is absolute­ly vital to the con­tin­u­a­tion of human life on this plan­et.

No truer words have been spo­ken.

If you would like to sign up for Open Culture’s free email newslet­ter, please find it here. Or fol­low our posts on Threads, Face­book, BlueSky or Mastodon.

If you would like to sup­port the mis­sion of Open Cul­ture, con­sid­er mak­ing a dona­tion to our site. It’s hard to rely 100% on ads, and your con­tri­bu­tions will help us con­tin­ue pro­vid­ing the best free cul­tur­al and edu­ca­tion­al mate­ri­als to learn­ers every­where. You can con­tribute through Pay­Pal, Patre­on, and Ven­mo (@openculture). Thanks!

Relat­ed Con­tent:

Bertrand Rus­sell & Oth­er Big Thinkers in BBC Lec­ture Series (Free)

Down­load Free Cours­es from Famous Philoso­phers: From Bertrand Rus­sell to Michel Fou­cault

Bertrand Russell’s Improb­a­ble Appear­ance in a Bol­ly­wood Film (1967)

Lis­ten to ‘Why I Am Not a Chris­t­ian,’ Bertrand Russell’s Pow­er­ful Cri­tique of Reli­gion (1927)

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All You Need is Love: The Keys to Happiness Revealed by a 75-Year Harvard Study

The lat­est install­ment from PBS’ Brain­Craft video series intro­duces us to two sci­en­tif­ic stud­ies that teach us a thing or two about what brings us hap­pi­ness. One set of results comes from Dr. John Gottman’s Fam­i­ly Research Lab­o­ra­to­ry (a.k.a. the “Love Lab”); the oth­er from the Har­vard Grant Study, a 75-year study that has traced the lives and devel­op­ment of 268 Har­vard sopho­mores from the class­es of 1939–1944. Although the study focus­es on priv­i­leged white men (the demo­graph­ic that attend­ed Har­vard Col­lege dur­ing the 1930s and 40s), the Har­vard Grant Study has yield­ed con­clu­sions that apply to a broad­er pop­u­la­tion.

One of the longest-run­ning stud­ies of adult devel­op­ment, the study has found, for exam­ple, that alco­holism has some of the most ruinous effects on mar­riages, fam­i­ly finances and per­son­al health. Like­wise, it reveals that lib­er­als have sex much fur­ther into old age than their con­ser­v­a­tive peers.

But those aren’t the big take­aways — the con­clu­sions that talk about hap­pi­ness. If you watch the inter­view below with George Vail­lant, the long­time direc­tor of the study, you will hear him con­clude that hap­pi­ness isn’t about “con­form­ing, keep­ing up with the Jone­ses. It is about play­ing, and work­ing, and lov­ing. And lov­ing is prob­a­bly the most impor­tant. Hap­pi­ness is love.”

Accord­ing to Vail­lant, “warmth of rela­tion­ships through­out life have the great­est pos­i­tive impact on ‘life sat­is­fac­tion.’ ” When we have warm rela­tion­ships with our par­ents, spous­es, friends and fam­i­ly, we expe­ri­ence less dai­ly anx­i­ety and a greater sense of over­all plea­sure; we have bet­ter health (includ­ing low­er lev­els of demen­tia lat­er in life); and we’re more effec­tive at work and make more mon­ey.

Essen­tial­ly The Bea­t­les had it right, “All you need is love. Love is all you need.”

You can read more about the Har­vard study over at The Atlantic.

Relat­ed Con­tent:

A Guide to Hap­pi­ness: Alain de Bot­ton Shows How Six Great Philoso­phers Can Change Your Life

Take the ‘Hap­pi­ness Exper­i­ment’

Free Online Psy­chol­o­gy Cours­es

A Crash Course on Psy­chol­o­gy: A 30-Part Video Series from Hank Green

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In Lost Letter, Allen Ginsberg Tells The Paris Review He Tried LSD Again & Experienced “No Snake Universe Hallucinations” (1966)

ginsberg-1

(click for larg­er ver­sion)

In June 1965, Allen Gins­berg was inter­viewed at length by fel­low poet Tom Clark. They touched on such top­ics as poet­ic meter, William S. Bur­roughs, and Blake’s “The Sick Rose.” When the con­ver­sa­tion turned to hal­lu­cino­gens, Gins­berg, a famous­ly ear­ly adopter of LSD, describes a vision so omi­nous it could’ve turned an entire gen­er­a­tion off drugs:

If I close my eyes on hal­lu­cino­gens, I get a vision of great scaly drag­ons in out­er space, they’re wind­ing slow­ly and eat­ing their own tails. Some­times my skin and all the room seem sparkling with scales, and it’s all made out of ser­pent stuff. And as if the whole illu­sion of life were made of rep­tile dream.

He also men­tioned that drugs made him barf. That alone seems a per­sua­sive rea­son to stop tak­ing them.

Despite his strong desire to con­tin­ue his pur­suit of ever high­er lev­els of con­scious­ness, the cons were begin­ning to out­weigh the pros.

It took near­ly a year for the Paris Review to pub­lish the inter­view. So long that the sub­ject felt the need to revise his ear­li­er state­ments, via the type­writ­ten let­ter above.

His post-inter­view psy­che­del­ic excur­sions appear to have tran­spired in the sort of benign uni­verse typ­i­cal­ly imag­ined by a preschool­er with a big box of crayons: “tiny jew­eled vio­let flow­ers,” “giant green waves,” a “great yel­low sun.” Oth­er­wise known as Big Sur on acid.

The lev­el of good­ness present in those lat­er trips was such strong med­i­cine, Gins­berg decid­ed to exper­i­ment fur­ther, direct­ing some of his good vibes toward then-Pres­i­dent Lyn­don John­son, who was under­go­ing surgery to remove his gall blad­der. Love thy ene­my, and all of that.

I won­der if John­son ever found out he had a rabid­ly anti-war Beat Poet (and “mass­es of green bulb-head­ed Kelp veg­etable-snake under­sea beings”) pray­ing for his recov­ery.

Appar­ent­ly it worked.

The com­plete June 1965 inter­view can be read in the Paris Review’s archives. Those who’ve grown unac­cus­tomed to read­ing couri­er font as exe­cut­ed by a mid­cen­tu­ry man­u­al type­writer will find the com­plete text of Gins­berg’s let­ter below.

June 2, 1966

To read­ers of Paris Review:

Re LSD, Psy­locib­in [sic], etc., Paris Review #37 p. 46: “So I couldn’t go any fur­ther. I may lat­er on occa­sion, if I feel more reas­sur­ance.”

Between occa­sion of inter­view with Thomas Clark June ’65 and pub­li­ca­tion May ’66 more reas­sur­ance came. I tried small dos­es of LSD twice in seclud­ed tree and ocean cliff haven at Big Sur. No mon­ster vibra­tion, no snake uni­verse hal­lu­ci­na­tions. Many tiny jew­eled vio­let flow­ers along the path of a liv­ing brook that looked like Blake’s illus­tra­tion for a canal in grassy Eden: huge Pacif­ic watery shore, Orlovsky danc­ing naked like Shi­va long-haired before giant green waves, titan­ic cliffs that Wordsworth men­tioned in his own Sub­lime, great yel­low sun veiled with mist hang­ing over the planet’s ocean­ic hori­zon. No harm. Pres­i­dent John­son that day went into the Val­ley of Shad­ow oper­at­ing room because of his gall blad­der & Berkley’s Viet­nam Day Com­mit­tee was prepar­ing anx­ious man­i­festoes for our march toward Oak­land police and Hell’s Angels. Real­iz­ing that more vile words from me would send out phys­i­cal vibra­tions into the atmos­phere that might curse poor Johnson’s flesh and fur­ther unbal­ance his soul, I knelt on the sand sur­round­ed by mass­es of green bulb-head­ed Kelp veg­etable-snake under­sea beings washed up by last night’s tem­pest, and prayed for the President’s tran­quil health. Since there has been so much leg­isla­tive mis-com­pre­hen­sion of the LSD boon I regret that my unedit­ed ambiva­lence in Thomas Clark’s tape tran­script inter­view was pub­lished want­i­ng this foot­note.

Your obe­di­ent ser­vant

Allen Gins­berg, aetat 40

Relat­ed Con­tent:

Allen Ginsberg’s “Celes­tial Home­work”: A Read­ing List for His Class “Lit­er­ary His­to­ry of the Beats”

Allen Gins­berg Reads His Famous­ly Cen­sored Beat Poem, Howl (1959)

Allen Gins­berg Reads a Poem He Wrote on LSD to William F. Buck­ley

Allen Gins­berg & The Clash Per­form the Punk Poem “Cap­i­tal Air,” Live Onstage in Times Square (1981)

Ayun Hal­l­i­day is an author, illus­tra­tor, and Chief Pri­ma­tol­o­gist of the East Vil­lage Inky zine. Fol­low her @AyunHalliday

What Questions Would Stephen Fry Ask God at the Pearly Gates?

Sev­er­al years ago, an inter­view­er asked Stephen Fry to look back­ward — to reflect on his life and answer this ques­tion, “What do you wish you had known when you were 18”? What lessons would you draw in hind­sight?  Some of his answers includ­ed:

  • Don’t set goals for your­self, par­tic­u­lar­ly mate­r­i­al ones. They’re dis­as­trous and will keep you from becom­ing who you real­ly are.
  • Keep your ego in check. You’ll be bet­ter liked, and more oppor­tu­ni­ties will come your way.
  • Get out­side your com­fort zone by trav­el­ing to dis­tant lands and read­ing books in a serendip­i­tous way.
  • Be a giv­er, not a tak­er. It’s more reward­ing.

In the clip above, Gay Byrne, a broad­cast­er with RTÉ, now asks Fry to look for­ward and answer anoth­er ques­tion: Sup­pose there is a God, and you arrive at the Pearly Gates, what would you say to him, her or it? Fry, an avowed sec­u­lar human­ist, isn’t throw­ing God any soft­balls: Why cre­ate a world where kids have bone can­cer? Why cre­ate insects that bur­row into chil­dren’s eyes and ren­der them blind? Why cre­ate a world with so much pain, mis­ery and injus­tice in it? As he answers these ques­tions, and con­cludes that such a God (were it to exist) would be noth­ing short of mani­a­cal, Byrne’s face con­torts, reveal­ing his dis­com­fort. You can watch oth­er scenes from the inter­view here, and catch Fry’s ani­mat­ed primers on sec­u­lar human­ism here.

via The Dai­ly Beast

Relat­ed Con­tent:

Stephen Fry: What I Wish I Knew When I Was 18

Stephen Fry Explains Human­ism in 4 Ani­mat­ed Videos: Hap­pi­ness, Truth and the Mean­ing of Life & Death

Free Online Reli­gion Cours­es

 

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