From Rick Steves comes a thought-provoking documentary that revisits the rise of fascism in Europe, reminding us of how charismatic figures like Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler came to power by promising to create a better future for their frustrated, economically depressed countries–a future that recaptured the glory of some mythologized past. Once in power, these fascist leaders replaced democracy with a cult of personality, steadily eroded democratic norms and truth, ratcheted up violence, and found scapegoats to victimize–something facilitated by the spread of conspiracy theories and propaganda through modern media. They would lead their nations into war, and ultimately ruin, but not before creating a playbook for other charismatic autocrats who entice voters with simplistic solutions to complex problems.
Originally aired on television, Steves has released the documentary on YouTube, hoping that 21st-century citizens can “learn from the hard lessons of 20th-century Europe.” The text accompanying his documentary reads as follows:
In this one-hour special, Rick travels back a century to learn how fascism rose and then fell in Europe — taking millions of people with it. We’ll trace fascism’s history from its roots in the turbulent aftermath of World War I, when masses of angry people rose up, to the rise of charismatic leaders who manipulated that anger, the totalitarian societies they built, and the brutal measures they used to enforce their ideology. We’ll see the horrific consequences: genocide and total war. And we’ll be inspired by the stories of those who resisted. Along the way, we’ll visit poignant sights throughout Europe relating to fascism, and talk with Europeans whose families lived through those times. Our goal: to learn from the hard lessons of 20th-century Europe, and to recognize that ideology in the 21st century.
The Story of Fascism (which will be added to our list of Free Documentaries) is recommended for students and adults alike. With World War II fading from living memory, we could use a good reminder, says Steves, of how “nationalism can be channeled into evil, and how our freedoms and democracies are not indestructible…in fact, they are fragile.”
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Rick Steves’ Europe: Binge Watch 9 Seasons of America’s Favorite Traveler Free Online
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Walter Benjamin Explains How Fascism Uses Mass Media to Turn Politics Into Spectacle (1935)
It’s very simple: in the late 18th century you had the French Revolution. That was a broadly based, legitimate revolution; the whole people participated. Against the hegemony of the church and the aristocracy.
In the late 19th century you had Marxism, which called for violent communist revolution. Literally a revolution brought about by ‘terror’. (That ultimately cost the lives of 150 million people. Source: Scott Manning — Communist bodycount.)
In response to violent Marxism you had violent Fascism.
Hitler literally said that the Marxist gangs were the example for his Fascist gangs.
Moral of the story: left-wing extremism creates right-wing extremism!