The Map of Mathematics: An Animated Video Shows How All the Different Fields in Math Fit Together

Can any­one know it all? re:math map

Which sin­gle top­ic would be best to learn for gen­er­al knowl­edge?

You say that you know all math­e­mat­ics that’s not true because if you did know all math­e­mat­ics you would know that you can’t do physics with­out math­e­mat­ics if you knew how to con­fig­ure and use …
Right angle cal­cu­lus trigonom­e­try.

I think you made a cou­ple of mis­takes in math­e­mat­i­cal his­to­ry, and I hope it is out of igno­rance. The zero was invent­ed by Arabs (not in India as you men­tioned). Even the num­bers which you use every day in your life are Ara­bic num­bers (1,2,3 ..) and I think you should know that. Alge­bra which a major com­po­nent in math­e­mat­ics was devel­oped by the Arab schol­ar “Jaber Bin Haiyan”, which was named after him. The word “Algorithm”came after the math­e­mat­i­cal schol­ar “Alkhawariz­mi.” Yes, he was not an Arab, but made his con­tri­bu­tion dur­ing the Ara­bic civ­i­liza­tion, which he was a mem­ber of. Albert Ein­stein was orig­i­nal­ly Ger­man, but his con­tri­bu­tion is attrib­uted to Amer­i­ca sine he moved to USA. I do not trust “sci­en­tists” when they are biased.

https://www.history.com/news/who-invented-the-zero

These ear­ly count­ing sys­tems only saw the zero as a placeholder—not a num­ber with its own unique val­ue or prop­er­ties. A full grasp of zero’s impor­tance would not arrive until the sev­enth cen­tu­ry A.D. in India. There, the math­e­mati­cian Brah­magup­ta and oth­ers used small dots under num­bers to show a zero place­hold­er, but they also viewed the zero as hav­ing a null val­ue, called “sun­ya.” Brah­magup­ta was also the first to show that sub­tract­ing a num­ber from itself results in zero.

From India, the zero made its way to Chi­na and back to the Mid­dle East, where it was tak­en up by the math­e­mati­cian Mohammed ibn-Musa al-Khowariz­mi around 773. It was al-Khowariz­mi who first syn­the­sized Indi­an arith­metic and showed how the zero could func­tion in alge­bra­ic equa­tions, and by the ninth cen­tu­ry the zero had entered the Ara­bic numer­al sys­tem in a form resem­bling the oval shape we use today

The first ever use of zero we have dis­cov­ered, was Indi­an.
Whilst the word alge­bra is Ara­bic, the first record­ed use is Baby­lon­ian.

I did­n’t both­er check­ing the rest. Source: his­to­ry of maths dot org.